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[i] AIR 1978 SC 597

[ii] 94 U.S. 113 (1876)

[iii] AIR1950 SC 27

[iv] AIR 1963 SC 1295

[v] 1981 SCR (2) 516

[vi] AIR1950 SC 27

[vii] AIR1978 SC 597

[viii] 1950 SCR 88

[ix] 1978 SCR (2) 621

[x] 1979 SCR (3) 532

[xi] SC (Date of Judgment 18/12/1997) 1998 1 SCC 226

[xii] 1967 SCR (2) 525

[xiii] 1964 SCR (1) 332

[xiv] 1980 SCR (2) 557

[xv] 1980 SCR (3) 855

[xvi] 1989 SCR (3) 997

[xvii] 1995 SCC (3) 42

[xviii] 1995 SCC (5) 482

[xix] Supp(6) SCR 827

[xx] 1990 SCR Supl. (1) 142

[xxi] AIR 1997 SC 3011

[xxii] 1981 SCR (2) 516

[xxiii]Appeal (crl.)  446-449 of 2004, Date Of Judgment: 08/03/2006

[xxiv] AIR 1983 SC 1155

[xxv] 1966 SCR (1) 702

[xxvi] AIR 1986 SC 467

[xxvii] 1979 SCR (1) 192

[xxviii] AIR 1994 SC 1349

[xxix] 1998 Supp(1) SCR 723

[xxx] AIR 2003 SC 664

[xxxi] AIR 1997 SC 568

[xxxii] Writ Petition (civil)72 of 1998, Date Of Judgment: 18/07/2005

[xxxiii] (2001) 8 SCC 765

[xxxiv] 1996 SCC (2) 648

[xxxv] AIR 1986 SC180

[xxxvi] 1987 SCR (1) 819

[xxxvii] AIR 1983 SC 1086

[xxxviii] JT 1986 136, 1986 SCALE (2)230

[xxxix] AIR 1992 SC 1858, 1992 SCR (3) 658

[1]https://pib.gov.in/newsite/erelcontent.aspx?relid=52951retrieved 1 May 2013

[2]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gram_Nyayalayas_Act,_2008, 24th July, 2009 ,5.10 pm

[3] https://indiankanoon.org/doc/139166176/

[4] Under current affairs notes Indian polity notes.

[5] https : / / www.financialexpress.com / India news / delayed justice -pendency- of -courts- cases- how- Indian- courts -are- clogged -with- pending cases/1578031/justice delayed: pending cases weigh down India's justice delivery system  ,retrieved on 26 july 2017,on 2:34pm

[6] Round Table Discussion organised by anveshi Research Centre for women studies and Human Rights forum on Gram Nyayalaya: the New Face of the Judiciary ,19 September 2009 by Vasudha Nagaraj.

[7]This was even though ‘strengthening in rural areas the institution of nyaya panchayats’ was one of their terms of reference. law commission of India, 114th report; gram nyayalaya,1(1986).

[8]“It has till today remained an alien system which has no living contact with the masses and is not meaningful to them.” Id., at7.

[9]Law commission of India (1986), supra note 31, at 19.

[10] This was Provided under Round Table Discussion on Gram Nyayalaya: the New Face of the Judiciary 19 September 2009 by Vasudha Nagaraj

[11]

[12] Vishwanathan,T.K.,The Gazette Of India,The Gram Nyayalaya Act, 2008, Secy To The Govt. Of India, Govt. Of India Press,Controller Of Publications,Delhi,2009

[13] https://current affairs.gktoday.in retrieved on 19 aug 2020,8 pm.

[1] Assistant Professor,VELS INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND ADVANCED STUDIES, (VISTAS)

[2] https://www.unicef.org/child-rights-convention/convention-text-childrens-version (22.09.2023)

[3] https://www.unhcr.org/ibelong/wp-content/uploads/IBELONG_Minority-Children-and-Statelessness.pdf (29.09.2023)

[4] https://goodfaithmedia.org/gender-discrimination-root-cause-of-stateless-children/ (27.09.2023)

[5] https://www.statelessness.eu/updates/blog/states-root-cause-statelessness (26.09.2023)

[6] https://www.smilefoundationindia.org/child-rights/ (01.10.2023)

[7] https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation.aspx?paperid=96841 (26.09.2023)

[8] https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/tr/pdf/AD1039168.pdf (02.10.2023)

[9] https://www.humanium.org/en/stateless-invisible/ (29.09.2023)

[10] https://www.getinthepicture.org/sites/default/files/resources/Good%20Practices%20Paper%20-%20Action%202%20Ensuring%20that%20no%20child%20is%20born%20stateless.pdf (03.10.2023)

[11] https://www.unhcr.org/id/wp-content/uploads/sites/42/2017/05/Protecting-the-Rights-of-Stateless-People-ENGLISH-FINAL.pdf (03.10.2023)

[12] https://rm.coe.int/cdcj-2022-12-statelessness-report-of-the-international-conference-and-/1680a74cfa (02.10.2023)

[13] https://nludelhi.ac.in/download/publication/2015/august/India%20and%20the%20Challenge%20of%20Stateless-A%20Review%20of%20the%20Legal%20Framework%20relating%20to%20Nationality.pdf (22.09.2023)

[1] AS Narayana v State of Andhra Pradesh, (1996) AIR 1996 SC 1765.

[2] Commr, Hindu Religious Endowments v Sri Lakshmindra Thirtha Swamiar of Sri Shirur Mutt, (1954) SCR 1005.

[3] Ibid.

[4] Sri Venkataramana Devaruand v The State of Mysore, (1958) 1 SCR 895.

[5] Durgah Committee, Ajmer v Syed Hussain Ali, (1962) 1 SCR 383.

[6] Commissioner of Police v Acharya Jagadisharananda Avadhuta, (1983) 4 SCC 522.

[7] Shayara Bano v Union of India, (2017) 9 SCC 1.

[8] Mohd. Hanif Qureshi & Others v The State Of Bihar, (1959) 1 SCR 629.

[9] Sardar Syedna Taher Saifuddin v The State Of Bombay, (1962) Supp(2) SCR 496.

[10] Indian Young Lawyers Association and Ors vs The State of Kerala and Ors, (2019) 11 SCC 1.

[11] Bhatia G, “The Sabarimala Judgment – II: Justice Malhotra, Group Autonomy, and Cultural Dissent” (Indian Constitutional Law and Philosophy, October 6, 2018).

[12] Central Board Of Dawooodi Bohra v The State Of Maharashtra, (2005) 2 SCC 673.

[13] Shirur Mutt, (n 2).

[14] de Souza, J. Patrocinio. “THE FREEDOM OF RELIGION UNDER THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION.” (The Indian Journal of Political Science, vol 13, no 3/4, 1952, pp, 70 JSTOR).

[15] Draft Constitution of India, 1948, Art 19.

[16] Constituent Assembly of India Debates (proceedings), Volume VII, (1948).

[17] Constitution of India, 1950, preamble.

[18] Jaclyn L. Neo, “Definitional Imbroglios: A Critique of the Definition of Religion and Essential Practice Tests in Religious Freedom Adjudication “ (2018, 16 Int'l J Const L 574, 576).

[19] Jacobsohn, Gary Jeffrey, “The Wheel of Law: India’s Secularism in Comparative Constitutional Context,” (Princeton University Press), 743.

[20]  Shirur Mutt, (n 2).

[21] Groves, Harry E. “RELIGIOUS FREEDOM,” (Journal of the Indian Law Institute 4, no 2, 1962, pp 191–204).

[22] Constituent assembly debate, 781

[23] Shirur Mutt, (n 2).

[24] Ram Prasad Seth v State of UP, (1957) SCC Online All 61.

[25] Qureshi, (n 8).

[26] Bhatia G, “The Sabarimala Judgment – II: Justice Malhotra, Group Autonomy, and Cultural Dissent” (Indian Constitutional Law and PhilosophyOctober 6, 2018)

[27] Indian Young Lawyers Association, (n 10).

[28] Ibid.

[29] Suhrith Parthasarathy, “An Equal Right to Freedom of Religion: A Reading of the Supreme Court's Judgment in Sabarimala” (Suhrith Parthasarathy May 26, 2020)

[30] Indian Young Lawyers Association, (n 10).

[31] COI, (n 18), Art 25,26.

[1] Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, GDP Long-Term Forecast, https://data.oecd.org/gdp/gdp-long-term-forecast.htm (September 29, 2017).

[2] International Energy Agency, WEO 2015 Electricity Access Database, (October 24, 2016). http://www.worldenergyoutlook.org/media/weowebsite/2015/

[3] Niklas Hohne et al., “Action by China and India Slows Emissions Growth, President Trump’s Policies Likely to Cause US Emissions to Flatten,” (Climate Analytics, Ecofys, New Climate Institute, 2017).

[4] Central Electricity Authority, Minister of Power, Government of India, Draft National Electricity Plan (Volume I) Generation, http://www.cea.nic.in/reports/committee/nep/nep_dec.pdf (October 27, 2017),

[5] United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, Paris Agreement – Status of Ratification, http://unfchttp://unfccc.int/paris_agreement/items/9444.phpcc.int/paris_agreement/items/9444.php (September 29, 2017).

[6] Government of India, India’s Intended Nationally Determined Contribution: Working Towards Climate Justice, (UNFCCC.int, 2015). http://www4.unfccc.int/submissions/INDC/Published%20Documents/India/1/INDIA%20INDC%20TO%20UNFCCC.pdf.

[7] Emissions intensity is the emission per unit of GDP.

[8] Government of India, India’s Intended Nationally Determined Contribution: Working Towards Climate Justice, (UNFCCC.int, 2015). www4.unfccc.int/submissions/INDC/Published Documents/India/1/INDIA INDC TO UNFCCC.pdf.

[9] Bridge to India, Renewable Capacity Addition Catches Up With Thermal Power in India, http://www.bridgetoindia.com/renewable-capacity-addition-catchesthermal-power-india/ (October 20, 2017).

[10] Natural Resources Defense Council et al., Greening India’s Workforce: Gearing up for Expansion of Solar and Wind Power in India (2017). https://www.nrdc.org/sites/default/files/greening-india-workforce.pdf.

[11] Andhra Pradesh Solar Power Corporation Pvt. Ltd., Kurnool Ultra Mega Solar Park (1000 MW) World’s Largest Solar Park – A Boon for Clean Energy (2017) and V Rishi Kumar, “AP Makes Rapid Strides: 1 GW Ultra Mega Solar Park Nearing Completion in Kurnool,” The Hindu Business Line, April 28, 2017

[12] Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, Government of India, Physical Progress (Achievements) – Tentative State-wise Break-up of Renewable Power Target To Be Achieved by the Year 2022 , http://mnre.gov.in/mission-and-vision-2/achievements/ (September 29, 2017).

[13] India Environment Portal, State Wise Estimated Solar Power Potential in the Country, 2014, http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/content/403483/state-wiseestimated-solar-power-potential-in-the-country/ and Clean Technica, India’s Solar Power Potential Estimated at 750 GW, https://cleantechnica.com/2014/11/29/indiassolar-power-potential-estimated-750-gw/ (September 29, 2017).

[14] Central Electricity Authority, Government of India, All India Installed Capacity (in MW) of Power Stations, http://cea.nic.in/reports/monthly/installedcapacity/2017/installed_capacity-07.pdf (September 29, 2017).

[15] Bridge to India, Renewable Capacity Addition Catches Up With Thermal Power in India, http://www.bridgetoindia.com/renewable-capacity-additioncatches-thermal-power-india/ (October 20, 2017) and LiveMint, India Adds Record 5,400 MW Wind Power in 2016-17, http://www.livemint.com/Industry/MR7TsTomt2C9Si1NriNsyM/India-adds-record-5400MW-wind-power-in-201617.html (September 29, 2017).

[16] Bridge to India, India Solar Rooftop Map 2017 – March 2017, http://www.bridgetoindia.com/reports/india-solar-rooftop-map-march-2017-edition/ and LiveMint, India’s Rooftop Solar Capacity Crosses 1 GW: Bridge to India Report, http://www.livemint.com/Industry/WfP1ivSfV4uSM4fAoit8XN/Indias-rooftop-solar-capacitycrosses-1-GW-Bridge-To-India.html (September 29, 2017).

[17] PM India, Government of India, PM Launches Pradhan Mantri Saubhagya Yojana; Dedicates Deendayal Urja Bhavan to the Nation, http://www.pmindia.gov.in/en/news_updates/pm-launches-pradhan-mantri-saubhagya-yojana-dedicates-deendayal-urja-bhawan-to-the-nation/ (September 29, 2017)

[18] United Nations, World Urbanization Prospects, 2014 Revision (New York, 2014). http://esa.un.org/unpd/wup/Highlights/WUP2014-Highlights.pdf (November 14, 2014).

[19] Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change, Government of India, India’s Progress in Combating Climate Change: Briefing Paper for UNFCCC COP 20 Lima, Peru (2014). http://envfor.nic.in/sites/default/files/press-releases/Indian_Country_Paper_Low_Res.pdf.

[20] Bureau of Energy Efficiency, Government of India, PAT Cycle, https://beeindia.gov.in/content/pat-cycle (September 29, 2017).

[21] Press Information Bureau, Government of India, Shri Piyush Goyal launches Energy Conservation Building Code 2017, http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=165748 (September 29, 2017).

[22] U.S. Green Building Council, Infographic: Top 10 Countries for LEED in 2016, https://www.usgbc.org/articles/infographic-top-10-countries-leed-2016 (September 29, 2017).

[23] Administrative Staff College of India and Natural Resources Defense Council, Building Efficient Cities: Strengthening the Indian Real Estate Market Through Codes and Incentives (2014). http://www.nrdc.org/international/india/files/real-estate-efficiency-codes-IB.pdf.

[24] Ministry of Power, Government of India, Standards and Labelling Programme, http://powermin.nic.in/en/content/energy-efficiency (August 23, 2012).

[25] Ministry of Power, Government of India, National UJALA Dashboard, http://www.ujala.gov.in/ (September 29, 2017).

[26] Press Information Bureau, Government of India, Environment Minister Launches Stage II of India’s HCFC Phase Out Management Plan (HPMP), http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=158868 (October 20, 2017).

[27] Kumar V. Pratap, Financing of Smart Cities (Ministry of Urban Development, Government of India). http://smartcities.gov.in/upload/uploadfiles/files/Financing%20of%20Smart%20Cities.pdf.

[28] Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, Government of India, Auto Fuel Policy, 2015, http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=119754.

[29] Delhi Metro Rail Corporation, Delhi Metro’s Cumulative Ridership for the Financial Year 2016-2017 Crosses One Billion, http://www.delhimetrorail.com/press_reldetails.aspx?id=ZlXC4jMrU00lld (September 29, 2017).

[30] Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, Government of India, Urban Transport Metro Rail Projects, http://moud.gov.in/cms/Urban-Transport-Metro-Rail-Projects.php (October 20, 2017)

[31] Vivek Sen et al., Reaching India’s Renewable Energy Targets: The Role of Institutional Investors (Climate Policy Initiative, 2016). https://climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/Reaching-Indias-Renewable-Energy-Targets-The-Role-of-Institutional-Investors.pdf.

[32] Government of India, India’s Intended Nationally Determined Contribution: Working Towards Climate Justice, (UNFCCC.int, 2015). http://www4.unfccc.int/submissions/INDC/Published%20Documents/India/1/INDIA%20INDC%20TO%20UNFCCC.pdf.

[33] Reuters staff, “India’s Modi Raises Solar Investment Target to $100 bln by 2022,” Reuters, 2 January 2015. www.reuters.com/article/2015/01/02/india-solaridUSL3N0UG13H20150102.

[34] Ministry of Finance, Key Features of Budget 2016-2017 (2016). http://indiabudget.nic.in/budget2016-2017/ub2016-17/bh/bh1.pdf

[35] Kumar Sambhav Shrivastava, “India Diverts Rs 56,700 Crore From the Fight Against Climate Change to Goods and Services Tax Regime,” Scroll.in, 24 July 2017. https://scroll.in/article/844528/india-diverts-rs-56700-crore-from-the-fight-against-climate-change-to-goods-and-service-tax-regime (September 29, 2017).

[36] Arjit Barman and Saikat Das, “Greenko Raises $1 billion Green Bond, Asia’s Largest,” The Economic Times, 18 July 2017. http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/markets/bonds/greenko-raises-1-billion-green-bond-asias-largest/articleshow/59640638.cms (September 29, 2017).

[37] Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) and Indian Institute of Public Health (IIPH), Expanding Heat Resilience Across India (2017). https://www.nrdc.org/sites/default/files/india-heat-resilient-cities-ib.pdf and NRDC, IIPH, Rising Temperatures, Deadly Threat: Preparing Local Communities in India for Extreme Heat Events, 2015, www.nrdc.org/international/india/extreme-heatpreparedness.

[38] Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation, Ahmedabad Heat Action Plan 2017: Guide to Extreme Heat Planning in Ahmedabad, India (2017). https://www.nrdc.org/sites/default/files/ahmedabad-heat-action-plan-2017.pdf.

[39] Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, Government Has Established National Adaptation Fund on Climate Change: Javadekar, 2015, http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=124326.

[40] SAFAR – India, Air Quality Forecast Across Indian Cities: AQ Index, http://safar.tropmet.res.in/ (September 29, 2017).

[41] NRDC et al., Ahmedabad Air Information and Response Plan (2017). https://www.nrdc.org/sites/default/files/ahmedabad_air_plan_feb_2017_final_pdf.pdf.