[1] Bibek Debroy , Aditya Sinha, Opinion: Why India Needs A Uniform Civil Code, NDTV (June 29, 2023), https://www.ndtv.com/opinion/why-india-needs-a-uniform-civil-code-4161333 (last visited Sept. 19, 2023).

[2] Rohini Dahiya, Gender Justice in India: Outlook on Uniform Civil Code, SPRF (May 7, 2021), https://sprf.in/gender-justice-in-india-outlook-on-uniform-civil-code/ (last visited Sept. 20, 2023).

[3] Kumar Singh, Ambedkar and Uniform Code. Why Ambedkar supported Uniform Civil Code, The Hindu Business Line (Apr. 14, 2021), https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/why-ambedkar-supported-uniform-civil-code/article34320070.ece (last visited Sept. 20, 2023).

[4] legal Service India, Lawyers in India, Advocates,Law Firms,Attorney directory,Lawyer,vaki https://www.legalserviceindia.com/legal/article-6521-article-13-of-indian-constitution-easy-explanation (last visited Sept 22,2023)

[5] Mamta Dinesh Vakil vs Bansi S.Wadhwa, MANU/MH/1869/2012

[6] Shalaka Patel, After Triple Talaq, a Look At the Other Discriminatory Personal Laws That Need to Go, The Wire (Aug. 28, 2017), https://thewire.in/gender/personal-law-reform-gender , ( last visited Sep 22,2023)

[7] Narasu Appa Mali, 1951 SCC OnLine Bom 7288, 7289

[8] Nishitha Jain, Gender Inequality in Hindu and Muslim Personal Laws in India, 1 International Journal of Law Management & Humanities 1-10 (2018).

[9] Saumya Uma, What A Gender-Just Uniform Civil Code Could Look Like, The Wire (July 2, 2023), https://thewire.in/law/what-a-gender-just-uniform-civil-code-could-look-like,( last visited Sep 23,2023

[10] Sarla Mugdal vs Union Of India ( AIR 1995 SS 1531)

[11] Pooja Rajawat & Jayam Jha, Will a uniform civil code help address the problem of gender inequality in India?, The New Indian Express (Apr. 18, 2023), https://www.newindianexpress.com/web-only/2023/apr/18/will-a-uniform-civil-code-help-address-the-problem-of-gender-inequality-in-india-2567124.html (  last visited Sept 23 ,2023)

[12] Pooja Rajawat & Jayam Jha, Will a uniform civil code help address the problem of gender inequality in India?, The New Indian Express (Apr. 18, 2023), https://www.newindianexpress.com/web-only/2023/apr/18/will-a-uniform-civil-code-help-address-the-problem-of-gender-inequality-in-india-2567124.html   (last visited Sept 23 ,2023)

[13] Aftab Alam, Uniform Civil Code should not be pushed through in haste; first make all personal laws gender-just Read more at: https://www.southasiamonitor.org/spotlight/uniform-civil-code-should-not-be-pushed-through-haste-first-make-all-personal-laws-gender, South Asia Monitor (July 15, 2023), https://www.southasiamonitor.org/spotlight/uniform-civil-code-should-not-be-pushed-through-haste-first-make-all-personal-laws-gender (last visited Sept 23 ,2023)

[14] Tanja Herklotz, Dead Letters? The Uniform Civil Code Through the Eyes of the Indian Women's Movement and the Indian Supreme Court, 46 Generiert durch Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 148-174 (2016).

[1] Lawrence D (2016) The Journalist and the Troll: This Man Spent Two Years Trying to Destroy Me Online. Bloomberg. http://www.bloomberg.com/features/2016-benjamin-wey/. Accessed 03 Nov 2016

[2] Communications decency act article 230

[3] The Good Samaritan Law allows a person, without expectation of payment or reward and without any duty of care or special relationship, voluntarily come forward to administer immediate assistance or emergency care to a person injured in an accident, or crash, or emergency medical condition.

[4] "Trump's Executive Order: What to Know About Section 230". Council on Foreign Relations. Retrieved September 4, 2020.

[5] European Parliament Backs Investigation to Split Google Search from Its Other

Businesses http://techcrunch.com/2014/11/27/google-unbundle-eu/ Date of European Parliament Backs Investigation to Split Google Search from Its Other Businesses http://techcrunch.com/2014/11/27/google- unbundle-eu/ Date of Access:22.12.2014

[6] Zittrain, Jonathan, Don’t Force Google to Forget (May 14, 2014)

[1] Ratanlal and Dhirajlal, The Indian Penal Code (32nd enlarged edn, LexisNexis Butterworths Wadhwa, Nagpur 2012) 1794.

[2] Just as in cases of pre-viable abortions being non-criminal and WD during the same stage being an offence.

[3] Assuming that their foetuses were non viable at the time of the concerned homicide.

[4] Refer to ch 6. ‘Confinement of Pregnant Women  for  Protection  of Unborn’ for details.

[5] Nova D Janssen, ‘Foetal Rights and the Prosecution  of  Women  for using Drugs during Pregnancy’ (2002) 48 Drake Law Review 741.

[6] Refer to ch 6 for suggestions for improvement in MTPA, 1971.

[7] Attorney General’s Reference (No 3 of 1994) (1998) AC 245, 254. Here, the accused had stabbed a PW in the abdomen, causing her to go into premature labour. She gave birth to a live child who survived for 121 days. In this particular case, the foetus did achieve live birth and thus the rights attached to all human beings crystallised at that point. The logic of Attorney General makes live birth mandatory if any criminal liability for harm or homicide to the foetus has to be fixed.

[9] Because advancement in medical technology made it possible to save a foetus of 24 weeks gestation in case of pre-mature birth.

[10] The offence of child destruction is not abortion, legal or illegal (which is referred to as unlawful procurement of miscarriage in section 58 of the Offences Against the Person Act 1861).

[11] Child Destruction is also not murder, manslaughter  or  infanticide either.

[1] Nabam Rebia and Ors. Vs. Deputy Speaker and Ors. (2017) 13 SCC 332

[2] Kihoto Hollohan vs. Zachillhu and Ors. (AIR 1993 SC 412)

[3] Constitution of India- Schedule Tenth

[4] Mayavati vs. Markandeya Chand and Ors. (AIR 1998 SC 3340)

[5] Maharashtra Legislature Members Act, 1956

[6] Article 212(1) of the Constitution

[7] Election Symbol Order, 1968

[8] S.R.Bommai and Ors. Vs. Union of India and Ors. (AIR 1994 SC 1918)

[9] Constitution of India-Article 174

[10] D. Sanjeevayya Vs. Election Tribunal, Andhra Pardesh and Ors. (AIR 1967 SC 1211)

[11] Sabarimala case vs. Indian Young Lawyers Association and Ors.(SC 1558/2019)

[12] Article 164(1B) of the Constitution.

[13] the 52nd Amendment Act, 1985

[1] Parag Narkhede & B.Lathi, Food Security in India: Concept, Realities & innovations, GLOBAL JOURNAL OF

MANAGEMENT SCIENCE. 4. 73-81 (2010),

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228096218_Food_Security_in_India_Concept_Realities_innovations

[2] Om Ranjan (2021), Food Security Policy in India: Challenges and Performance, RESEARCH GATE, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/349767066_Food_Security_Policy_in_India_Challenges_and_Perfor mance/citation/download

[3] WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION, WHO’s first ever global estimates of foodborne diseases find children under 5 account for almost one third of deaths. (Dec. 3, 2015). https://www.who.int/news/item/03-12-2015-who-s- first-ever-global-estimates-of-foodborne-diseases-find-children-under-5-account-for-almost-one-third-of-deaths

[4] Charu Kohli and Suneela Garg, Food Safety in India: An unfinished agenda, 1 MAMC JOUR. OF MEDICAL SCIENCE, 139 (2015)

[5] Centre for PIL v. Union of India, 2013 SCC 16 279

[6] Nestle India Ltd. v. FSSAI, 2015 SCC Online BOM 8526

[1] Quote by FH BATACAN  https://www.goodreads.com/quotes/7975878-her-friends-used-to-tell-her-it-wasn-t-rape-if Accessed Dated November 08, 2023

[2] CRIMINAL APPEAL NOS. 607-608 OF 2017

[3] [375. Rape.—A man is said to commit “rape” who, except in the case hereinafter excepted, has sexual intercourse with a woman under circumstances falling under any of the six following de­scriptions:—

(First) — Against her will.

(Secondly) —Without her consent.

(Thirdly) — With her consent, when her consent has been obtained by putting her or any person in whom she is interested in fear of death or of hurt.

(Fourthly) —With her consent, when the man knows that he is not her husband, and that her consent is given because she believes that he is another man to whom she is or believes herself to be law­fully married.

(Fifthly) — With her consent, when, at the time of giving such consent, by reason of unsoundness of mind or intoxication or the administration by him personally or through another of any stupe­fying or unwholesome substance, she is unable to understand the nature and consequences of that to which she gives consent.

(Sixthly) — With or without her consent, when she is under sixteen years of age. Explanation.—Penetration is sufficient to constitute the sexual intercourse necessary to the offence of rape. (Exception) —Sexual intercourse by a man with his own wife, the wife not being under fifteen years of age, is not rape.]

[4] In Britain, A Move to Make Marital Rape a Crime, New York Times Accessed Dated: November 09, 2023https://www.nytimes.com/1990/12/28/news/in-britain-a-move-to-make-marital-rape-a-crime.html

[5] Night After Night The Torture Grew, A Survivor Speaks Up, DAILY OPINION, Accessed November 11, 2023

[6] The Effects of Marital Rape on a Woman’s Mental Health, Themis: Research Journal of Justice Studies and Forensic Science, Volume II Issue II, 2023 https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/themis/ Accessed Dated November 11, 2023

[7] 253. Legislation for giving effect to international agreements

Notwithstanding anything in the foregoing provisions of this Chapter, Parliament has power to make any law for the whole or any part of the territory of India for implementing any treaty, agreement or convention with any other country or countries or any decision made at any international conference, association or other body.

[8] A Guide To Marital Rape, Noble Solicitors, https://www.noblesolicitors.co.uk/about/a-guide-to-marital-rape.html#:~:text=The%20case%20of%20R%20vs%20R%20(1991)&text=The%20Lord%20Justice%2DGeneral%2C%20Lord,sexual%20intercourse%20in%20all%20circumstances.%22 Accessed Dated February 24, 2024

[9] https://supremetoday.ai/issue/1000-culprits-can-escape-but-one-innocent-should-not-be-shall-punished#:~:text=By%20prioritizing%20the%20protection%20of,guilty%20do%20not%20evade%20punishment. Accessed Dated February 24, 2024

[1] Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), "Global Warming of 1.5°C. An IPCC Special Report on the impacts of global warming of 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways, in the context of strengthening the global response to the threat of climate change, sustainable development, and efforts to eradicate poverty," 2018.

[2] National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), "The Effects of Climate Change," [NASA], accessed [23-02-2024].

[3] Robert D. Bullard, "Environmental Justice in the 21st Century: Race Still Matters," Phylon (1960-), vol. 49, no. 3/4, 2007, pp. 151-171.

[4] United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), "Climate Change and Poverty: An Analytical Framework," 2019.

[5] American Public Health Association (APHA), "Disparities in Distribution of Particulate Matter Emission Sources by Race and Poverty Status," American Journal of Public Health, April 2018.

[6] Mona Hanna-Attisha, et al., "Elevated Blood Lead Levels in Children Associated With the Flint Drinking Water Crisis: A Spatial Analysis of Risk and Public Health Response," American Journal of Public Health, February 2016.

[7] Zoltán Grossman, "Unist'ot'en Camp and Standing Rock: The Evolution of Indigenous Resistance," in "Energy, Governance and Security in Thailand and Myanmar (Burma): A Critical Approach to Environmental Politics in the South," 2017.

[8] United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), "Climate Change and Displacement," 2020.

[9] United Nations, "United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change," 1992.

[10] United Nations, "Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change," 1997.

[11] United Nations, "Paris Agreement," 2015.

[12] European Commission, "The European Green Deal," 2019.

[13] Republic of Kenya, "Climate Change Act," 2016.

[14] Urgenda Foundation v. The State of the Netherlands, Hague District Court, 2015.

[15] Christopher D. Stone, "Should Trees Have Standing? – Toward Legal Rights for Natural Objects," Southern California Law Review, 1972; New Zealand's Te Awa Tupua (Whanganui River Claims Settlement) Act, 2017.

[16] Climate Bonds Initiative, "Green Bonds: The State of the Market 2019," 2020.

[17] Costa Rican Ministry of Environment and Energy, "National Decarbonization Plan," 2019.

[18] Global Environment Facility, "Payments for Ecosystem Services in Costa Rica," 2020.

[19] United Nations Development Programme, "Costa Rica: A Pioneer in Biodiversity Conservation," 2018.

[20] "Leveraging Satellite Imagery for Environmental Monitoring," Journal of Environmental Management, 2020.

[21] "Blockchain for Environmental Governance: An Emerging Research Agenda," Environmental Science & Policy, 2021.

[22] "Big Data for Environmental Justice: Challenges and Opportunities," Environmental Research Letters, 2019.

[23] U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, "EJScreen: Environmental Justice Screening and Mapping Tool," [USEPA], accessed [23-02-2024].

[24] "Privacy Concerns in Environmental Monitoring Technologies," Environmental Law Review, 2022.

[25] Klein, Naomi. "This Changes Everything: Capitalism vs. The Climate." Simon & Schuster, 2014.

[26] "Evaluating the Economic Responses to Climate Change," Journal of Environmental Economics, 2015.

[27] "Grassroots Movements and Environmental Justice: A Socio-Legal Perspective," Law and Society Review, 2016.

[28] Juliana v. United States, Complaint for Declaratory and Injunctive Relief, 2015.

[29] "The Constitutional Dimensions of Climate Change Litigation," Journal of Environmental Law, 2016.

[30] Juliana v. United States, 947 F.3d 1159 (9th Cir. 2020).

[31] "Youth Climate Litigation and the Global Rise of Environmental Justice," Global Environmental Change, 2021.

[1] WORLD INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ORGANIZATION, https://www.wipo.int (last visited Sept. 20, 2023)

[2] WORLDDATA.INFO, https://www.worlddata.info (last visited Sept.20, 2023)

[3] 17 KRISHNA IYER, V.R., “HUMAN HEALTH AND PATENT LAW” 14-27 (Frontline 2000).

[4] SUBBARAM.N, “WHAT EVERYONE KNOW ABOUT PATENTS” (Pharma Book Syndicate 2003)

[5] PUSKAR RAJ, GLOBALIZATION AND HUMAN RIGHTS (PUCL Bulletin 2002)

[6] G.B.REDDY, INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS AND THE LAW 193(2017)

[7] K.UMA DEVI, THE LAW OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS: VARIOUS DIMENSIONS  122(Regal Publications 2013)

[8]Novartis AG vs. Union of India, (2013) 6 SCC 1

[9] K.UMA DEVI, THE LAW OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS: VARIOUS DIMENSIONS  131(Regal Publications 2013)

[10] UNICEF, https://unicef.org(last visited on Sept. 20, 2023)

[11]Bayer Corporation v. Natco Pharma Ltd., Order No. 45/2013 (Intellectual Property Appellate Board, Chennai), available at http://www.ipab.tn.nic.in/045-2013.html (Last visited on Sept. 20, 2023)

[12] ANKITA SHARMA,INVEST INDIA, JULY 31,2020, https://www.investindia.gov.in/siru/india-pharmacy-world

[1]. Richard K. Morgan, Taylor & Francis Online, Vol. 30 Issue 1, available at: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14615517.2012.661557 .

[2]. Ericson, CABI Journal, available at:https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/19951904392 .

[3]. Kumar, D., Environmental Impact Assessment in India: An Appraisal, Journal of Environmental Law, Volume 10, Issue 1.

[4]. Ibid 4.

[5]. Parikh, J., and Parikh, K., Environmental Impact Assessment in India: A Critical Review, Economic and Political Weekly, Volume 27, No. 28, July 11, 1992.

[6]. Ibid 5.

[7]. Vellore Citizens Welfare Forum vs. Union of India,1996 AIR 2715.

[8]. Rural Litigation and Entitlement Kendra vs. State of U.P., 1989 AIR 594.

[9]. T.N. Godavarman Thirumulkpad vs. Union of India, (1997) 2 SCC 267.

[10]. Sterlite Industries (India) Limited vs. Union of India, CIVIL APPEAL Nos.  2776-2783  OF 2013.

[11]. Lafarge Umiam Mining Pvt. Ltd. vs. Union of India, (judgment reserved).

[12]. Subhash Datta vs. State of West Bengal, Original Application No. 171/2016/EZ.