[1] J. C. Sharman, Shopping for Anonymous Shell Companies: An Audit Study of Anonymity and Crime in the International Financial System, 24 TJEP 127, 129, 2010.

[2] Fabiano Angélico and Lígia Zagato, SÃO PAULO: DOES CORRUPTION LIVE NEXT DOOR?, Transparency International (2017), http://www.jstor.com/stable/resrep20590.7.

[3] Larry R. Bateman, SHELL COMPANIES: A REGULATORY AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK, ProQuest LLC

(2016, https://www.proquest.com/openview/17c3884f84dbd2bbb7b5d2e8b5ae3fa9/1?cbl=18750&parentSessionId= hZD1gF6Ro8BCa%2FAu8kHta%2BTyhetdGa%2FquTLioKEDQj8%3D&pqorigsite=gscholar&parentSessionId=G DRjUG7ZCxi9hbqLyaiGvvB8aViXYbH0UrEpE%2F3aTa0%3D.

[4] Id.

[5] Id.

[6] Id.

[7] Financial Transparency Coalition, https://financialtransparency.org/about/, (last visited Oct. 6, 2023)

[8] TransparencyInternational,https://www.transparency.org/en/news/new-imf-anti-corruption-framework-3-things-

well-be-looking-for,(Last visited Oct.7 2023).

[9] Id.

[10] History, OECD, http://www.oecd.org/about/history/ [https://perma.cc/2FVSSEWS]

[11] Nicholas Vail,Cracking Shells: The Panama Papers & Looking to the European Union's Anti-Money Laundering Directive as a Framework for Implementing a Multilateral Agreement to Combat the Harmful Effects of Shell Companies,Texas A&M Review, (Oct. 7 2023 at 10 PM) https://scholarship.law.tamu.edu/lawreview/vol5/iss1/7/

[12] The companies act § 92 (2013).

The companies act § 164 (2013).

[13] Jos´e-de-Jesús Rocha-Salazar a, María-Jesús Segovia-Vargas, María-del-Mar CamachoMinano, Detection of shell companies in financial institutions using dynamic social network, ESWA 207 (2022) 117981, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S095741742201209X

[14] Id.

[15] Sachet Singh and Abhishek K. Singh, Black Money and Voluntary      Disclosure of Income Scheme: Two Sides of the Same Coin?, 1 KIIT Student L Rev 1 (2014)

[16] Ryan Hauer, Another Attempt at Patent Reform: S. 1013 The Patent Abuse Reduction Act of 2013, 24 DEPAUL

J. ART TECH. & INTELL. PROP. L., 371, 372

[17] Supra Note 16

[18] Id.

[19] Raghav Ohri, DHFL scam: Promoters Wadhawans set up 87 shell companies, says CBI charge sheet, The EconomicTimes(Nov.28,2022),https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/india/dhfl-scam-promoters-wadhawans- set-up-87-shell-companies-says-cbi-charge-sheet/articleshow/95812374.cms?from=mdr.

[20] DHFL fraud: The Wadhawan brothers, a multi-crore scam and ongoing cases, BusinessToday (Aug. 29, 2023), https://www.businesstoday.in/latest/corporate/story/dhfl-fraud-the-wadhawan-brothers-a-multi-crore-scam-and- ongoing-cases-396126-2023-08-29.

[21] Raghav Ohri, DHFL scam: Promoters Wadhawans set up 87 shell companies, says CBI charge sheet, The Economic Times (Nov. 28, 2022), https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/india/dhfl-scam-promoters- wadhawans-set-up-87-shell-companies-says-cbi-charge-sheet/articleshow/95812374.cms?from=mdr.

[22] Will Fitzgibbon, Law Firm’s Files Include Dozens of Companies and People Blacklisted by U.S. Authorities, ICIJ (Apr. 4, 2016), https://www.icij.org/investigations/panama-papers/20160404-sanctioned-blacklisted-offshore- clients/.

[23] Explore the Panama Papers Key Figures, ICIJ (Jan. 31, 2017), https://panamapapers.icij.org/graphs/.

[24] Amisha Raghuvanshi, The Embryonic Stage of Special Purpose Acquisition Companies in India: Prevailing Obstacles and the Way Forward, SCC Online Web Edition 103-110 (2022).

[25] Government identified 2,38,223 companies as shell companies between 2018-2021, (July 27, 2021), https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1739583.

[26] The companies act § 248 (2013).

[27] The companies act § 455 (2013).