[1] M.P Sharma vs. Satish Chandra, 1954 AIR 300

[2] Kharak Singh v. State of UP, AIR 1963 SC 1295

[3] A. G. Noorani, Right to Privacy, 40 Econ. Polit. Wkly. 802, 802 (2005)

[4]Gautam Bhatia, STATE SURVEILLANCE AND THE RIGHT TO PRIVACY IN INDIA: A CONSTITUTIONAL BIOGRAPHY, 26 N.L.S.I.R. 127, 136-158 (2014)

[5] Samarth Krishan Luthra, PUBLICITY RIGHTS AND THE RIGHT TO PRIVACY IN INDIA, 31 N.L.S.I.R. 125, 132-148 (2019)

[6] Atul Singh, DATA PROTECTION: INDIA IN THE INFORMATION AGE, 59 I.L.I. 78, 78-101 (2017)

[7] Dhiraj R. Duraiswami, Privacy and Data Protection in India, 6 J.L.C.W. 166, 166-186 (2017

[8] Arun K Patnaik, Civil Society and Privacy: A Critique, 63 I.J.P.S. 167, 167-182 (2002)

[9] Sangeeta Mahapatra, Digital Surveillance and the Threat to Civil Liberties in India, 3 G.I.G.A. 11, 11-14 (2021)

[10] Menaka Guruswamy, Justice K.S. Puttaswamy (Ret’d) and Anr v. Union of India and Ors, Writ Petition (Civil) No. 494 of 2012, 111 A.J.I.L. 994, 994-1000 (2017

[11] Smt. Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India & Ors., AIR 1978 SC 597.

[12] The Passports Act, 1967,  § 10, No. 15, Acts of Parliament, 1967 (India)

[13] District Registrar and Collector v. Canara Bank, (2005) 1 SCC 496

[14] INDIA CONST. art. 21.

[15] Supra 27

[16] INDIA CONST. art. 21.

[17] Infra 50

[18] INDIA CONST. art. 19, cl.1(a).

[19] INDIA CONST. art. 19, cl.1(d).

[20] Govind v. State Of Madhya Pradesh & Anr., 1975 AIR 1378.

[21] Naz Foundation v. Government of NCT of Delhi, 2009 SCC Del 1762.

[22] Unique Identification Authority of India v. Central Bureau of Investigation, 2014 SCC OnLine Bom 4753

[23] Unique Identification Authority of India

[24] Central Bureau of Investigation

[25] Supra 29

[26] INDIA CONST. art. 20, cl.3.

[27] People's Union Of Civil Liberties v. Union Of India And Anr., AIR 1997 SC 568.

[28] Indian Telegraph Act, 1885, § 5, No. 13, Acts of Parliament, 1885 (India)

[29] R. Rajagopal and Ors. v. State of Tamil Nadu, 1994 SCC (6) 632.

[30] Indian Telegraph Act, 1885, § 5, No. 13, Acts of Parliament, 1885 (India)

[31] Supra 5

[1] Sarthak Chugh, 4th BLS, VES Law

[2] Cynthia A. Dent, The Council of State and the Clergy During the Reign of Louis XIV: An Aspect of the Growth of French Absolutism, 24 The Journal of Ecclesiastical History 245, 253 (1973).

[3] Tanya Bansal, Evolution of Administrative Courts in France and India: A Comparative Analysis, 3 Indraprastha Law Review, 12, 14-16 (2022).

[4] THOMPSOM JAMES WESTFALL, THE DECLINE OF THE MISSI DOMINICI IN FRANKISH GAUL, 12-15, Legare Street Press (2023)

[5] NAPOLEON BONAPARTE, THE CORSICAN: A DIARY OF NAPOLEON’S LIFE IN HIS OWN WORDS, 68-70 University Press of the Pacific (2003)

[6] French Constitution of 1791 Title iii, Chapter v, Article iii.

[7] James W Garner, The French Administrative Law, Yale L.J. 597, 597 (1924).

[8] Joseph Minattur, French Administrative Law, 16 Journal of the Indian Law Institute 364, 365 (1974).

[9] Council of State, of March 30, 1916, N° 59928.

[10] McNabb v United States, 318 U.S. 332, 347 (1943).

[11] Vanderbilt, The Place of the Administrative Tribunals in our Legal System, 24 A.B.A.J. 267, 273 (1938).

[12] Matthias Schrader et al, Introduction to the German Civil Procedure 1: How the German Court System Works, Willkie Farr                 &            Gallagher              LLP        (Sept.     20,          2023,      3:10        PM)

https://www.willkie.com/-/media/files/publications/2023/german-law-series----february-2023-g.pdf

[13] Francis Bignami, Comparative Administrative Law 154-157 (Mauro Bussani and Ugo Mattei eds., 2012).

[14] Charles Bosvieux-Onyekwelu, Revenir sur une légende en sociologue : l'arrêt Blanco et le mythe de la « naissance » du droit administratif français, 101 Dans Droit Et Societe 159, 159 (2019).

[15] D.1873, III, 20 Case Blanco.

[16] Michel Margairaz, Experts and Practitioners. Public Economic Services among Experts, Practitioners, and Governments in the Early 20th Century: From One Historical Setting to Another, 52-3 Revue D'histoire Moderne & Contemporaine 132, 132 (2005).

[17] D.1873, III, 20 Case Blanco at 21-22.

[18] ARMIN UHLER, REVIEW OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE ACTS ON THE MERIT- A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE DOCTRINE OF SEPARATION OF POWERS AND JUDICIAL REVIEW IN FRANCE AND THE UNITED STATES 45-46, Ann Arbor The University of Michigan Press (1942)

[19] S. 1911.3.17

[20] Supra 51-53

[21] George A. Bermann, The Scope of Judicial Review in French Administrative Law, 16. Colum. J. Transnat’l. L. 195, 251-253 (1977)

[1] Jyoti Rattan, “Cyber Laws & Information Technology” (Bharat Law House Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 4th edn., 2014).

[2] . Kamal Ahmad: The Law of Cyber-Space (U. N. Institute of Training & Research) 2006

[3] Nandan Kamath, Law relating to Computers, Internet and E-Commerce: A Guide to Cyber Laws and the Information Technology Act, 2000 (Universal Law Publishing Co., New Delhi, 2nd edn., 2009).

[4] Pavan Duggal, “Cyber Law An exhaustive section wise Commentary on the Information Technology Act along with Rules, Regulations, Policies, Notifications etc”, Universal Law Publishing - An imprint of LexisNexis (2014)

[5] R. Nagpal : What is Cyber Crime ; (2003)

[6] Pavan Duggal, Text Book on Cyber Law (Universal Law Publishing Pvt. Ltd.,2013)

[7] Roger W. Smith, “Cybercrime - A Clear and Present Danger: The CEO's Guide to Cyber Security” Create Space Independent Publishing Platform; 1 edition (21 June 2014)

[8] Yatindra Singh (Justice), Cyber Laws (Universal Law Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd.,2010)

[9] S. K. Bansal: Cyber Crimes (A. P. H. Publishing Corporation, Delhi) 2003

[10] Roger W. Smith, “Cybercrime - A Clear and Present Danger: The CEO's Guide to Cyber Security” Create Space Independent Publishing Platform; 1 edition (21 June 2014)

[11] Yatindra Singh (Justice), Cyber Laws (Universal Law Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd.,2010)

[12] (2005) 3 CompLJ 364 Del, 116 (2005) DLT 427, 2005 (79) DRJ 576

[13] 2006 (1) ALD Cri 96, 2005 CriLJ 4314.

[14] AIR 2006 All 23, 2006 (1) AWC 504.

[1] Student at ILS Law College, Pune

[2] An Update To Our Message to SWIFT Community, SWIFT.

[3] Ripple and Swift slug it out over cross-border payments, Arnold, Martin (6 June 2018), Financial Times, From the Original on 27 September, 2019.

[4] SWIFT: Cooperative Governance for network innovation, standard and community, New York, Routledge, ISBN 978-1-317-90952-1, Scott, Susan V, Markos (2014).

[5] Ibid., pg 1-2

[6] Ibid., pg 1-2. 35

[7] SWIFT, Company Information, Original 22 Dec. 2008, as on 9 March 2010.

[8] Swift Board names new Chair and Deputy Chair, completing leadership transition, Company Information, 30 March 2023 and refer footnote 3, pp 16

[9] ibid

[10] History and Detailed Functioning of SWIFT, ECahiers de l'Institut. Graduate Institute Publications. 6 September 2011, ISBN 9782940415731

[11] Origins and Development of SWIFT, 19732009, Susan V Scott, Markos Zachariadis.

[12] Refer 9

[13] What is BIC? And ISO 9632, SWIFT website.

[14] Refer 9

[15] ibid

[16] Understanding IBAN and SWIFT: Essential Details When Making a Money Transfer, Currency Solutions, 2013

[17] Annual Review 2022, SWIFT.

[18] Economic Diversification in Oil exporting Aran Countries, April 2016, prepared by IMF

[19]Ukraine conflict: What is Swift and why is banning Russia so significant? BBC, dated 4 May 2022.

[20] The impact of Western sanctions on Russia and how they can be made even more effective, Atlantic Council, dated 3 May 2021, by Ander Aslund and Maria Snegovaya.

[21] Russia’s attempt to sanction proof its economy all in vain, The Economist, March 2nd 2022

[22] De-dollarization as a direction of Russia’s financial policy in current condition, Xu Wenhong, National Library of Medicine.

[23] Press Conference, 9286th Meeting of Security Council, 17th March 2023

[24] Tumbling Ruble claws back ground as central bank to meet, Reuters, dated August 15, 2023.

[25] Supply of critical raw material endangered by Russia’s war on Ukraine, OECD, dated August 4, 2022

[26] How cutting Russia from SWIFT will change financial landscape, Forbes, dated March 5, 2022.

[27] China is trading more with Russia- so are many US allies and partners, by Joseph Lipsky and Niels Graham, The Atlantic, May 30, 2023.

[28] Russia- China Relations and a Changing World Order, Dr. Himani Pant, Indian Council of World Affairs.

[29] India hopeful of Rupee trade with Russia after import surge by Rueter, dated

[30] The Growing relevance of Eurasian Economic Union for Russia, by Indian Council of World Affairs, dated 22nd December 2022

[31] Russia’s SWIFT alternative expanding quickly this year, says central bank, Reported by Reuters, dated

[32] Iran – Russia Integrated banking system, by the Cradle, dated January 30, 2023.

[1] Assistant Professor (SG), The Tamil Nadu Dr.Ambedkar Law University, No.5, M.G.R.Salai, Perungudi, Chennai-600113. Mobile No.8838038775, Email id. smanjulaprof@gmail.com

[2] They are, debts, pledges, sales, deposits, partnership, gifts, wages, agreements, boundary disputes, master and servant, husband and wife, partition and inheritance, betting and gambling, assault, defamation, theft, robbery and adultery.

[3] Collector of Madura v. Muthu Ramalinga Sethupathy, 12 M.I.A. 397 (1868)

[4] 14 Moo. Ind. App. 570 at p.585.

[1] Research Scholar, University of  Lucknow

[2] Research Associate, High Court of Jharkhand at Ranchi

[3] Bridges, J. W, “Psychoanalysis, a Contribution to the New Psychology Public Health Jour.”, 1923., pp. 42-49

[4] Haines, T. H, “Crime Prevention. The Study of Causes”. Bureau of Juv. Research Bull. No. 5; Ohio Board of Adm. Pub. No. 11, 1-19.

[5] Holsinger, Kristi, “Youth in the Juvenile Justice System.” In Juvenile Justice, 24–43.

[6]Sanjay Suri & Anr . V. Delhi Administration, Delhi & Anr 1988 Supp SCC 160; 1988 SCC (Cri) 248; AIR 1988 SC 414; 1988 CriLJ 705 (SC)

[7] Sanat Kumar Sinha V State of Bihar & Ors 1991 (2) Crimes 241

[8] State of Karnataka V Harshad 2005 CriLJ 2357 (Karnataka)

[9] Rajinder Chandra v State of Chhatisgarh & Anr AIR 2002 SC 748

[10] Master Rajeev Shankarlal Parmar & Anr . V Officer -in -Charge , Malad Police Station & Ors 2003 CriLJ 4522 (Bom )

[11]  Master Salim Ikramuddin Ansari & Anr . V Officer -in-Charge , Borivali Police Station , Mumbai & Ors 2005 CriLJ 799 (Bom )

[12] Sunil Rathi v. State of U.P (2006) 9 SCC 603

[13] Pradeep Kumar v State of U.P AIR 1994 SC 104.

[14] Umesh Singh & Anr . v State of Bihar (2000) 6 SCC 89; 2000 SCC (Cri) 1026; AIR 2000 SC 2111

[15] Satya Mohan Singh v  State of U.P (2005) 11 SCC 395

[16] Sahabuddin alias Shaboo v State of U.P 2002 CriLJ 4579 (Allahabad)

[17] Vijendra Kumar Mali , etc . v State of U.P 2003 CriLJ 4619 (Allahabad)

[18] Abhay Kumar Singh v State of Jharkhand 2004 CriLJ 4533 (Jharkhand)

[19] Ranjit Singh v State of H.P 2005 CriLJ 972 (H.P.)

[20] Kelly, T. L, “Mental Aspects of Delinquency” Univ. of Texas Bull. No. 1713, 1917, pp 1-125.

[21]  S.P. Srivastava, Juvenile Justice In India; Policy, Programme and Perspective,(1989), Ajanta Publications (India), Delhi,pp.160-162 

[22] Bridges, J. W, “Psychoanalysis, a Contribution to the New Psychology Public Health Jour.”, 1923., pp. 42-49

[23] Bridges, J. W, “Psychoanalysis, a Contribution to the New Psychology Public Health Jour.”, 1923., pp. 42-49