White Black Legal – International Law Journal

[1] Priyam Prakash (B.com LL.B (hons)., UPES, Dehradun

* Corresponding author - Contact no – 8013343039, email – moumala.bhattacharjee@jisuniversity.ac.in (Moumala Bhattacharjee)

[2] In a speech in South Africa in 1990, Mahatma Gandhi.

[3] Nathan Mahr, “Consumer Rights & Protection | Definition & Types.” Study.com. 20th February 2023. https://study.com/academy/lesson/five-major-consumer-rights.html#:~:text=Kennedy%20introduced%20the%20idea%20of,the%20right%20to%20be%20heard.

[4] The Consumer Protection Act, 2019.

[5] The Consumer Protection Bill, 2019. 4TH march 2024. https://prsindia.org/billtrack/the-consumer-protection-bill-2019

[6] Right to Information. 4th march 2024.  https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/right-to-information-rti/#:~:text=The%20Right%20to%20Information,-Historical%20Background&text=The%20right%20to%20information%20is%20a%20fundamental%20right%20under%20Article,fundamental%20right%20under%20article%2019 .  

[7] The Indian Constitution 1950.

[8] South Asian TransLAW database, 12th march 2024.. https://translaw.clpr.org.in/case-law/justice-k-s-puttaswamy-anr-vs-union-of-india-ors-privacy/ .

[1] Service, T. N. (n.d.). Law and order are the medicine of the body politic and when it gets sick, medicine must be administered. - dr BR ambedkar. Tribuneindia News Service. https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/thought-for-the-day/law-and-order-are-the-medicine-of-the-body-politic-and-when-it-gets-sick-medicine-must-be-administered-%E2%80%94-dr-br-ambedkar-104973

[2] Article 50: Separation of Judiciary From Executive. Constitution of India. (2023, April 3). https://www.constitutionofindia.net/articles/article-50-separation-of-judiciary-from-executive/

[3] German News Weekly, September 5, 1964, p. 3 quoted in : B.L. Garg, "Problem of Separation of Judiciary in India", (1964) Vol. 25 Indian Journal of Political Science 331 - 338 at 331.

[4] Aristotle, Politics, IV, IV.

[5] Plato, Republic, 445d-e.

[6] Polybius, The Histories, VI, 11-13.

[7] Montesquieu, The Spirit of Laws, XI, VI.

[8] Steiner, Comparative Constitutional Law, p. 121

[9] U.S. Constitution Article I,II,III

[10] Bicameralism Act of 1787

[11] U.S. Constitution Article II § 1

[12] Marbury vs. Madison, 5 U.S. (1 Cranch) 137 (1803)

[13] Jacobson, The fragile Experiment: How fear, greed, and Fighting Fractured Americe, p.102.)

[14] The Ministerial Code, 2019

[15] Thoburn v. Sunderland City Council [2002] EWHC 1501 (Admin)

[16] German Basic Law, art. 20, 63

[17] Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany, art. 93

[18] Komal Singh v. Union of India, AIR 1967 SC 1269

[19] Golakhnath v. State of Punjab, AIR 1967 SC 1642

[20] Kesavananda Bharati Sarma v. State of Kerala, AIR 1973 SC 1461

[21] S.R. Bommai v. Union of India, AIR 1994 SC 1

[22] The Indian Constitution, Article 79.

[23] Sajjan Singh v. State of Rajasthan, AIR 1965 SC 845

[24] The Indian Constitution, Article 80.

[25] S.R. Bommai v. Union of India, AIR 1994 SC 1

[26] The Indian Constitution, Article 74.

[27] The Indian Constitution, Article 75.

[28] Com., Constitution Review Commission Report, Vol. 1, p. 34

[29] The Indian Constitution, Article 124.

[30] Golakhnath v. State of Punjab, AIR 1967 SC 1642

[31] In Re Special Reference 1 of 1990 [Judges Appointment Case], AIR 1990 SC 1466

[32] Golaknath v. State of Punjab, above

[33] In Re SR Bommai v. Union of India, supra

[34] PUCL v. Union of India, (2002) 3 SCC 632

[35] S.R. Bommai v. Union of India, supra

[36] C.A.D., Vol. 7, at 960

[37] C.A.D., Vol. 7, at 963

[38] Sahani, V. (2017, March 24). Separation of powers equally binding on judiciary: Law minister. Live Law. https://www.livelaw.in/separation-powers-equally-binding-judiciary-law-minister/

[1] The Hindu: "Electoral bonds full data Complete list of donors, parties and unique numbers" on March 21, 2024

[2] https://thewire.in/article/government/electoral-bonds-where-did-they-come-from-where-did-they-go

[3] https://cleartax.in/s/electoral-bond-scheme

[4] https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-law/sc-electoral-bonds-hearing-explained-9006289/

[5] https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/did-the-electoral-bonds-scheme-enable-extortion/article68002243.ece

[6] MANU/SC/0112/2024

[7] https://www.mondaq.com/india/corporate-and-company-law/1429008/electoral-bonds-scheme-unconstitutional-supreme-courts-conclusions--directions

[8] https://www.scobserver.in/cases/association-for-democratic-reforms-electoral-bonds-case-background/

[9] https://scroll.in/article/1065397/electoral-bonds-what-we-know-so-far-what-we-will-know-soon-and-what-we-may-never-know

[1] Chauhan, N. B., and VINAYA KUMAR HM. "Gender Responsive Climate Change Strategies for Sustainable Development." Productivity 57.2 (2016).

[2] Tanyag, Maria, and Jacqui True. "Gender-responsive alternatives on climate change from a feminist standpoint." Climate hazards, disasters, and gender ramifications. Routledge, 2019. 29-47.

[3] Prior, Tahnee Lisa, and Leena Heinämäki. "The rights and role of indigenous women in the climate change regime." Arctic Review on Law and Politics 8 (2017): 193-221.

[4] Supra note 2

[5] Preet, Raman, et al. "The gender perspective in climate change and global health." Global Health Action 3.1 (2010): 5720.

[6] Ibid

[7] Ibid

[8] Ibid

[9] Ibid

[10] Sands, Philippe. "The United Nations framework convention on climate change." Rev. Eur. Comp. & Int'l Envtl. L. 1 (1992): 270.

[11] Busayo, Emmanuel Tolulope, et al. "Assessment of the Sendai framework for disaster risk reduction studies since 2015." International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 50 (2020): 101906.

[12] Teigen, Mari, and Hege Skjeie. "The Nordic gender equality model." The Nordic models in political science. Challenged, but still viable? (2017).

[13] McNutt, Kathleen. "Politics, Policy, and Participation: Contemporary Issues in Canadian Gender Equality." Canadian Political Science Review 6.2-3 (2012): 139-141.

[14] Casey, Catherine, Renate Skibnes, and Judith K. Pringle. "Gender equality and corporate governance: Policy strategies in Norway and New Zealand." Gender, Work & Organization 18.6 (2011): 613-630.

[15] Ransom, Pamela. "Women’s Environment and Development Organization." Sweeping the Earth: Taking Action for a Healthy Planet (1999): 131-141.

[16] Flavell, Joanna. "Lessons from the women and gender constituency: Interrogating civil society strategies for organising in the UNFCCC." International Journal of Politics, Culture, and Society (2023): 1-19.

[17] Duran, Serhan, Marco A. Gutierrez, and Pinar Keskinocak. "Pre-positioning of emergency items for CARE international." Interfaces 41.3 (2011): 223-237.

[1] Data Protection Bill, 2019, Bill No. 373 of 2019, Parliament of India.

[2] Justice K.S. Puttaswamy (Retd.) and Anr. v. Union of India and Ors., (2017) 10 SCC 1.

[3] Data Protection Bill, 2019, Bill No. 373 of 2019, Parliament of India.

[4] Shashi Tharoor, "Data Protection Bill, 2019: Parliamentary Committee Report Indicates Changes Are Necessary," The Wire, December 17, 2020.

[5] Data Protection Bill, 2019, Bill No. 373 of 2019, Parliament of India.

[6] Shashi Tharoor, "Data Protection Bill, 2019: Parliamentary Committee Report Indicates Changes Are Necessary," The Wire, December 17, 2020.

[7] Chinmayi Arun, "Data Protection Law in India: Assessing the Critiques and Controversies," Observer Research Foundation, October 11, 2019.

[8] Shashi Tharoor, "Data Protection Bill, 2019: Parliamentary Committee Report Indicates Changes Are Necessary," The Wire, December 17, 2020.

[9] Varun Baliga, "Data Protection Law in India: Addressing the Concerns," The Diplomat, March 11, 2020.

[10] "Data Protection Bill: US Tech Companies Raise Concerns Over India's New Data Bill," The Economic Times, December 17, 2019.

[11] Varun Baliga, "Data Protection Law in India: Addressing the Concerns," The Diplomat, March 11, 2020.

[12] Smriti Parsheera, "India's New Data Protection Bill: Are We Adequately Protecting Privacy?" The Quint, December 13, 2019.

[13] Chinmayi Arun, "Data Protection Law in India: Assessing the Critiques and Controversies," Observer Research Foundation, October 11, 2019.

[14] Digital Personal Data Protection Bill, 2023, Bill No. 113 of 2023, Parliament of India, Clause 40.

[15] Digital Personal Data Protection Bill, 2023, Bill No. 113 of 2023, Parliament of India, Clause 34.

[16] Digital Personal Data Protection Bill, 2023, Bill No. 113 of 2023, Parliament of India, Clause 12.

[17] Digital Personal Data Protection Bill, 2023, Bill No. 113 of 2023, Parliament of India, Clause 43.

[18] Digital Personal Data Protection Bill, 2023, Bill No. 113 of 2023, Parliament of India, Clause 69.

[19] Digital Personal Data Protection Bill, 2023, Bill No. 113 of 2023, Parliament of India, Clause 38.

[20] Digital Personal Data Protection Bill, 2023, Bill No. 113 of 2023, Parliament of India, Clause 12.

[21] Digital Personal Data Protection Bill, 2023, Bill No. 113 of 2023, Parliament of India, Clause 43.

[22] Digital Personal Data Protection Bill, 2023, Bill No. 113 of 2023, Parliament of India, Clause 38.

[23] Digital Personal Data Protection Bill, 2023, Bill No. 113 of 2023, Parliament of India, Clause 40.

[24] Digital Personal Data Protection Bill, 2023, Bill No. 113 of 2023, Parliament of India, Clause 34.

[25] Digital Personal Data Protection Bill, 2023, Bill No. 113 of 2023, Parliament of India, Clauses 12, 43.

[26] Varun Baliga, "Data Protection Law in India: Addressing the Concerns," The Diplomat, March 11, 2020.

[27] Digital Personal Data Protection Bill, 2023, Bill No. 113 of 2023, Parliament of India, Clauses 40, 34.

[28] Digital Personal Data Protection Bill, 2023, Bill No. 113 of 2023, Parliament of India, Clause 12.

[29] Chinmayi Arun, "Data Protection Law in India: Assessing the Critiques and Controversies," Observer Research Foundation, October 11, 2019.

[30] Shashi Tharoor, "Data Protection Bill, 2019: Parliamentary Committee Report Indicates Changes Are Necessary," The Wire, December 17, 2020.

[31] Smriti Parsheera, "India's New Data Protection Bill: Are We Adequately Protecting Privacy?" The Quint, December 13, 2019.

[32] Anita L. Allen, "Privacy as a Fundamental Human Right," University of Pennsylvania Law Review, Vol. 52, No. 6 (2004), pp. 1857-1888.

[33] Justice K.S. Puttaswamy (Retd.) and Another v. Union of India and Others, Writ Petition (Civil) No. 494 of 2012.

[34] European Data Protection Board, "Guidelines on Consent under Regulation 2016/679," 2020.

[35] Kate Crawford and Ryan Calo, "There Is a Blind Spot in AI Research," Nature, Vol. 538, No. 7625 (2016), pp. 311-313.

[36] Information Commissioner's Office (ICO), "Guide to Data Protection."

[37] International Association of Privacy Professionals (IAPP), "Privacy by Design: The 7 Foundational Principles."