Foreign Policy Is A Reflection Of Domestic Policy By - Saurabh Jadhav

Foreign Policy Is A Reflection Of Domestic Policy

Authored By - Saurabh Jadhav

     Thomas freedman argued in the other Arab spring Syria in 2016 to 2011 experience drought GRA failure pressure on urban areas food insecurity poverty degradation of environment and biodiversity second dharpur in Sudan illustrates linkage between poverty and environmental degradation and conflict like Bundelkhand in Madhya Pradesh communal conflict happened because of scarcity of resources and land ittirioration desertification shortage of rainfall drought in 1980 is in Northern darrpur sent its Nomadic population to migrates south in search of water and harding grounds brought them in conflict with local tribes

Natural disasters can also affect the course of conflict by either exacer waiting or mitigating them 2004 Tsunami in Indonesia and Sri Lanka change the course on conflict message in Indonesia and Tamil separatist in Lanka Gurgaon and relief in SH improved reconciliation work in contrast in Sri Lanka violence escalated governors affecting foreign policy

Economic disruptions economic disruptions disease economic damage terrorism ecological stress emulate from the same source or are part of the same cycle

Jared diamond in guns germs and steel argues combination of biology and micro history is what makes small differences in climate population agronomy can impact balance of power example climate change impacting Arctic in Russia

During the during the mahajanapada period competition between magadha koshala vatsa and Avanti for supremacy magadha won the battle

Causes:-

• Critical supremacy strong leadership
• Economic causes strong trade routes agriculture and
• Geographical reasons good soil rivers presence of mountains wet deciduous forest navigation and strategic location
• Science and technology reasons innovation used elephants
• Koshala lacked leadership vajji because of internal divisions within the threat to internal security Avanti could not leverage its position in the south

In this research paper I touch upon two themes Security second nationalism India's always had security challenges coming from the First the Harappan civilization was a victim of external invasion from the Northwest Disunity defeated porus when Alexander came till the gates of India Chandragupt and Ashoka United Dhol North block and those were never attack from Northwest or foiled many attacks Mauryan Empire later collapse because of neglect of Northwest Frontier not just this but also repeat the mistakes of wajji Avanti koshala lake of economy lack of leadership and being two centralised Gupta declined because of security challenges also social disorder lack of women polygamy etc Could enter India gain from Northwest because of locals disunity and lack of mutual cooperation. Delhi sultanate after which decline due to corruption stagnancy lack of economy and was attacked from the Northwest in the battle of Panipat when Babur entered India from shapscom value of Afghanistan and lead the foundation of Mughal Empire

The security aspect from the Northwest has remained the same irrespective of nationalism in India it was there before the Indian nation was formed and still prevail 75 years after its birth. India is famously called as the nation in making it was colonialism in India that give birth to nationalism in terms of the Indian independence movement

Moving away from the security challenge the early Mughals guarded the Western Frontier well but the problems emerged from within stagnancy of society dipping of economy the main aspect that remain was people remained divided on caste regional religious lines that tendency to live in closed net community the British could capture the subcontinent on the basis of advancement of Science and technology navy and engines British strategically superior and tactically sound minded through education they were the products of NSR information the industrial revolution that was experienced by the Britain and exploitation of internal fractures in the subcontinent by piting one cast against another and one religion against another these features and fractures that were present at that time still exist in spite of waves of nationalism throughout history

India has always been a land of migration internal and external leader with bhakti Sufi tradition since like Nanak Kabir mirabai in North bhakti saints in Maharashtra Namdev Eknath Tukaram Alwar South coexisted with Nizamuddin auliya of Delhi Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti of Ajmer and Baba Farid of Punjab it has had pluralistic characteristics symptoms of Identity markers cast class religion gender ethnicity the concept of nationalism in India has not been over around any of this identity markers but civic Republican by the constitution. We still are a prismatic society training into transitioning into a pan Indian identity change the fulcrum of nationalism is not any of the identity markers of the past prevalent in the subcontinent the journey to Indian national becomes a little challenging with capitalism shrinkage of public spaces urbanization getaization globalisation and reassertion of our past identities make the job all the more difficult where the businesses are arranged on communal lines community live in society’s which are caste based and marriages are done on the basis of caste these basic belief system runs contrary to the making of modern secular Indian identity

Other modern nation States around The World find it easy to identify with the nation as it’s based on a language as in the case of Europe or religion as in the terms of Pakistan the task is difficult in our case as our nationalism does not find the parallel anywhere in the world show the task first is to completely break this shackles of Identity markers to be an Indian not only by definition but by spirit. With the challenges of wood Bank politics colonial by product capitalism inter mixed with caste religion hatred and dislike the base to conduct foreign policy by Indians remain narrow analytical weak. Public opinion on foreign policy issues remain uncooked and has very little understanding through these instances and stories and two pillars of security and nationalism the main theme of my research paper here is to showcase there is very little difference between domestic policy and foreign policy it is a reflection of what we do internally that radiates on the outside

First learning from the past

Internal happenings from 1947 to 1962. Partition a division on the basis of religion 1948 war with Pakistan there was democracy socialism secular credentials and experiment in universal adult franchise first five year plan 1951 to 56 there was linguistic States challenge before after partition reconation example Andhra Pradesh was formed

PL 480 program with USA wheat Making of UGC IIT CDP agriculture was the priority 85% of population was in agriculture.  Building up of Damodar bhakra Kosi hirakund projects fertilization corporation of India was formed. Chittaranjan locomotive work and integrated coach factory was formed. ICICI bank was found. Second five year planning from 1956 to 1961 there was heavy industrialisation BHEL was introduced Nangal fertilizer plant was introduced nuclear commission established under Baba when sale was introduced Bhilai Steel plant LIC and Bombay stock exchange

External reflection of foreign policy from 1947 to 1962 was that of optimistic non alignment 1945 the world experienced the cold war ideological war world was divided into capitalism and communism non alignment movement was formed since the development nation building was a priority US and UK and Europe got time to develop peacefully so Naam developed as a third block it was all about d colonization non-interference respect for sovereignty no military conflict saving of resources help from both the blocks self-determination and strategic autonomy

The critical part of It was the Korean war it criticize USA in czechoslov we criticize USA in Czechoslovakia war 1955 criticize the colonial powers opposed apartheid in South Africa treaty of friendship with Nepal Bhutan and good with neighbors .Criticisms tilt towards USSR Pakistan and China what taking a position neglect of Northwest again some call non alignment movement idealism some realism and some Indian exceptionalism Shashi Tharoor calls NAM gave Indian necessary leave but c Raja Mohan said India was punching about its weight had a substantial say in international relations because of statesmanship of Nehru

Learnings from the face of optimistic non alignment movement

Need for greater realism tactics and a long term vision it should be a reluctant power in politics if you feel to choose others choose for you. Miss reading of Pakistan and China soft power diplomacy is necessary but not sufficient the post of CDS is a stepping right direction non alignment movement was buying time for peace and development

Internal happenings from 1962 to 71 35 year plan 1961 to 66 in 1962 we had the China war in 1965 the Pakistan war in 1966 the drought police action in Goa consol consolidation of Indian federation and gaining internal strength next anti Hindi agitation FCI IDBI UTI came up from 1966 to 69 green revolution the valuation of rupee 1971 war. External reflection of foreign policy 1962 to 71 decade of realism entry of Indira Gandhi USA stopped PL 480 green revolution India USSR friendship treaty India criticized USA in Vietnam West Asia boiled Egypt Israel war there was oil shock defense from USSR internally there was Bank nationalization MRTP act and ceram

H******* realism operation smiling Buddha creation of Bangladesh most strategic and tactical move to break up East and West Pakistan by Mrs Gandhi operation flood learning economics is basis of realism in international relations neglect of iron China in 1970 stunt to USA formulation of USA China Pakistan access

Third internal happenings 1971 to 1991 fifth five year plan 1974 to 78 40 second mini constitution emergency below to democracy and its institutions 6th plan operation Blue Star Vizag Steel plant National rural employment program 7th plan before scandal telecom revolution and literacy mission. External reflection from 1971 to 1991 greater Indian regional assertion and excession of Sikkim nuclear explosion intervention in Lanka and counter group coupon Maldives domestic security challenges also assumed and external angle Punjab North East Jammu and Kashmir Tamilnadu 1991 gulf war balance of payment crisis of 1991. Learnings need of multi alignment any quest to maximize options and exponent space naturally requires engaging multiple players there is a need of strategic changing security is not just military security economics security energy security and environment security human rights for neglected. 1991 to 1998 internal happenings LPG Ara 7374th amendment federalisation of foreign policy regionalisation rise of obc’s in parliament Bullock capitalist of green revolution which change the dynamic society pokaran to Kargil rainbow revolution. External reflection land boundary agreement with China moving towards United States of America Israel and asiyan countries breakup of USSR active engagement investiga now India was navigateing in a unipolar world.

Learnings low risk low return importance of time and space expand in uncharted territories small Island trade need for reading into things right FB is all about dealing with global contradictions opportunities and compulsions game example India going to UN on Jammu and Kashmir clearly misra the situation it caused external security thread cut off energy reach Central Asia in 1960 is 1980 is an again after 2001 India under estimated relevance of Pakistan to America and Chinese global strategy there is lack of strategic death calibrated manoeuvery

2014 present energetic engagement non alignment turned into multi alignment Sagar strategy actest wastage in Modi's world c Raja Mohan are gives about the three republics the first republic is the first year from 1947 to 1989 where there is political stability rooted in congress there was state lead socialism and there was non alignment movement in second republic from 1989 to 2014 Indian National Congress collapsed there was an LPG error end of cold war 3rd republic starts since 2014 there is cultural diplomacy soft power buddhism yoga films diaspora engagement Kautilya strategic realism cold start drine hot pursuit religion and foreign policy strategic influence India’s perception and image improved

Ki take away stick to basic first Alfred mahan emphasizes on sea based power example Britain mackendiar emphasize on land base power example France we have both 7500 km coastline and also Indian ocean India divided on tropic of Cancer North kud work towards becoming a land power Southern Peninsula could work towards becoming a sea power third is theory Eurasia and needs to be controlled then respect for geography kal solution is good as long as there is peace and development why Northern states were always turbulent because Southern states and Southern States developed because USA sim comparison of USA and Russia USA capital migration river navigation Russia authoritarian because of geography lack of an navigation over extended and less secure friend by that is smart power women leadership and diplomatic corps and bringing definition learning from history need to buy time you purchase time go to war only for meaning calibrated dress taking buying time is not if it example you decide some situations choose you time is very important 1960 should have started our exports with each Asian tigers program Rajan need to get out of self-imposed isolation by India now social identity

Emerging challenges first China Kanti Bajpai Argus says it has a 4p problem perception perimeters partnerships and power a symmetry China always took sides 1948 to 1970 is USSR and after 1970’s United States of America go to or only when you are sure of winning ambassador Rao said there is a need of multi alignment of dexterity in transactionary for an relations with China Neighborhood there is the problem of Red tea prism slow project implementation in Nepal in Bangladesh in Sri Lanka MK Narayan suggest India’s neighborhood impact geographically jio economically jio strategically and psychological checkbook diplomacy of China vaccine diplomacy was good.

Pakistan TV Paul as are good India’s bigger than Pakistan but not begin up to compare back to do it’s will park has used alliances nuclear weapons and non-conventional military strategies to compensate ambassador Nirupama Rao suggestion is there is a need of feminist for in policy for Pakistan need to create space for maturity of peaceful purpose robust civility and mutual accommodation

Afghanistan has been the graveyard of empires emergence of Pakistan China Afghanistan Axis 2 powers lost America lost its credibility India is gaining strategy grounding not given in a importance to mandala theory binary syndrome did not talk to Taliban

USA China friction new cold war like USA USSR need to study this dynamic very careful and think of all the possibilities there are minerals like new dynamic neodymium used in future technology like winterbines electric cars drones smartphone is found in China US imports 80% rare from China in u95% in the book the new cold war by abandoning realistic pragmatism us has been to domestically in external China rose

Solution and Suggestion:-

Africa is the land of new opportunities there is cooperation in emerging technology health space digital technology trade is 55 billion gateway house study engagement of external powers in Africa third scramble Asia you USA striving for mineral hydrocarbon oceanic resources agricultural food issues of privacy fundamentalism China there is potential of improving blue economy federalisation of foreign policy and market

Second courage and deception Taiwan can operate in agriculture investment civil aviation industrial cooperation we have a shared faith in freedom human rights and Justice renewables biochemicals help in air pollution organic farming research and development need p to p contact with this circuit Taiwan is world’s leader in semiconductor electronics construction petrochemical machine and it internal dynamics and incident withdrawn incident in Karnataka need to improve regulatory in cultural landscapes

Internal dynamics Winston chord for democracies Suhasini Haider but India borders with China and Afghanistan there are security implications for call

Third India and Latin America there is a need of federalisation of foreign policy resigned India Marcus or preferential trade agreement there are potential areas energy defense nuclear energy space need FTS with Chile Latin America is next competition area with China rivalry is between Brazil and Argentina again need strategic hedging for regional domination early moves movers advantage making use of dimensions of time and space

Globalization FDI employment demographic dividend against protectionism trade war as an opportunity

New dynamism investiture ambassador talmiz Ahmed has said light on the new join investiga arrival Saudi Arabia and Iran have started back channel diplomacy Turkey and Egypt head diplomatic meeting in Cairo after the broke diplomatic ties in 2013 they are on the opposite sides on all regional issues of MNC and Libya Turkey does not get a long with Greece Israel Cyprus West is living best Asia

Emergence of a new coalition open societies democracy India Japan France and South Korea can act as mediated facilitated facilitator can tackle China’s technology and Quantum computing IR technological transfer trade distorting subsidies

Sindhu ab in his book utsukushi kuni that is towards a beautiful country it would not be a surprise if in another 10 years India Japan relations overtake Japan us and Japan China relations South korea's new Southern policy + actress

Bimstake Bangladesh allows shipment of goods from Mangala in chitgaon sea ports carried by road rail waterways to Agartala via khoraiya tambeel sunderkandy via Shimla this allows landlocked Aslam Meghalaya Tripura to access open water routes and open to see exports specialization of North East para diplomacy think not how India can trade with Nepal Bhutan Bangladesh but how their states would have treated with them a perfect blend of realism constructive and feminism and Marxism

Cousins policy and handling of India the substrate of is reflection was not nationality or ideology but geography and permanent interest that it produces for any power looking at the game board from India’s position to tackle China first is exercising influence over Geopolitical space beyond India’s own shows this place has to be from gulf of Arden invest to state of malacca in East India security is type to Maritime roots and checkpoints connecting it to Europe there loose control of these and India would be hostage to its strongest landward landward neighbor India’s main landward attention must be directed at its frontiers keeping the spaces in friendly hands help elevate military pressure in India then influence neighbor this required and active rather than a passive policy aimed at integration of neighboring states in to Indian economy and infrastructure

The Indian waters merit Marine safety and security trafficking an organized crime blue economy project Mausam Sagar spice route ior Arc ior iOS Blue water policy c Raja Mohan samudra manthan

New perspective think of our nation upside down Chinese investment in gboard Mauritius seaches Maldives Sri Lanka mein Hanuman and Christmas Island near Indonesia in my opinion apolarity unipolarity duo polarity nonsuits India we need foreign policy vaccination against Panipat syndrome Big brother syndrome and binary syndrome foreign policy impacts assessment like and moment impact assessment through human history of evolution more than ever before in human history we share a common destiny we can master it only if we face it together said coffee and

 let me come to domestic milio diffused ideas of turbo consumerism commodity friticism market societies lifestyle branding that I am isolation decline of social capital parenting deficit and cultural polar polarisation in times to come countries are going to be judge on spiritual vitality or society’s hotel has won does of consequences of any quality joblessness people feeling abundant and ill effects of a democracy

Yb Yeast in 1990 has rightly said in the poem The second coming things fall apart the centre can't hold surely some revelation is at hand surely the second coming is at home remainder that more things change the more the remain the same example Afghanistan Taliban change region so there were all the control levels I could think of managing.